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Graphite intercalation compounds (GICs) are complex materials having a formula CXm where the ion Xn+ or Xn− is inserted (intercalated) between the oppositely charged carbon layers. Typically m is much less than 1. These materials are deeply colored solids that exhibit a range of electrical and redox properties of potential applications. ==Preparation and structure== These materials are prepared by treating graphite with a strong oxidant or a strong reducing agent: :C + m X → CXm The reaction is reversible. The host (graphite) and the guest X interact by charge transfer. A analogous process is the basis of commercial lithium-ion batteries. In a graphite intercalation compound not every layer is necessarily occupied by guests. In so-called ''stage 1 compounds'', graphite layers and intercalated layers alternate and in ''stage 2 compounds'', two graphite layers with no guest material in between alternate with an intercalated layer. The actual composition may vary and therefore these compounds are an example of non-stoichiometric compounds. It is customary to specify the composition together with the stage. The layers are pushed apart upon incorporation of the guest ions. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Graphite intercalation compound」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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